In industrial filtration, filter cartridges play a crucial role in maintaining process cleanliness and high-quality outputs. But what exactly are filter cartridges, and how to use this type of filters in filtration solutions? This blog gives the definition of filter cartridges, their working principle, applications and its types.
A cartridge filter is a device designed to eliminate impurities and particles from liquids or gases. It is a plain cylindrical filter element or a cylindrical pleated filter element within a casing made from materials such as polypropylene, PTFE, Stainless steel, etc. The nominal micron rating denotes the lowest particle size the filter can capture, with a probability of > 99 %. An absolute-rated filter captures 100 % of the particles below its absolute micron rating. As a fluid flows through the filter, impurities are trapped, permitting only clean fluid to pass. This compact and versatile design makes cartridge filters suitable for numerous industrial and commercial uses, ensuring efficient filtration and high-quality results. The advantage in a tubular cartridge type design is the length of sealing to filtration area ratio is higher than a flat filter. This reduces the chances of filter bypass. Having multiple cartridge filters over one large flat filter also ensures that replacement of the filters can be done partially, if one of the cartridges is damaged for whatever reason. In the case a large flat filter, the entire filter has to be replaced.
The working principle of a cartridge filter is based on the physical process of filtration, which separates solids from liquids or gases by passing them through a porous medium. The filter element, typically made of materials like paper, cloth, or powder sintered media, or even from glass fibers, serves as this medium. When contaminated fluid enters the cartridge filter through an inlet port, it flows through the filter element's pores. Solid particles larger than the pores are trapped on the surface or within the fibers of the filter element, a process known as mechanical filtration.
As more fluid passes through, trapped particles form a filter cake layer on the surface, enhancing the filter's ability to capture even smaller particles through depth filtration. Over time, the accumulation of particles clogs the filter element, reducing its efficiency. To maintain effective filtration, the filter element must be periodically replaced or cleaned. This straightforward yet effective process ensures that impurities are removed from the fluid, with clean liquid or gas exiting through the outlet. The choice of filter element material and pore size depends on the specific application and desired level of filtration. Regular maintenance, such as replacing of the filter cartridge is essential to ensure the filtration system continues to operate effectively.
Cartridge filters come in various types, each suited for different applications based on their construction and filtration mechanism. Key types include:
Cartridge filters are essential for filtering and purifying liquids and gases in many industrial and commercial settings. They come in different designs and work in various ways to meet a wide range of needs, from large industrial processes to precise applications. Knowing the different types, how they work, and where they are used helps in choosing the right filter for each job. Regular maintenance and timely replacement are important to keep the filters working well and efficiently.
Cartridge filters can last anywhere from a month to 5 years, depending on the contaminant load as well as the MOC of the cartridge. They should be replaced when clogged or performance drops, with regular maintenance being essential for optimal efficiency.
The micron size of a filter cartridge indicates the smallest particle it can capture. It typically ranges from 0.2 to 100 microns, depending on the filter's purpose and design.
Some cartridge filters are designed to be cleaned and reused, while others are single-use and need replacement when clogged.